Impact of Prairie Loss in South Dakota:
- Declining Bird Populations: Grassland bird populations have decreased significantly over the last 60 years. In the Dakotas, grassland areas around Breeding Bird Survey routes fell by 12.7% between 2001 and 2016, affecting species that rely on these habitats.
- Disappearing Pollinators: The conversion of grassland to row crops has caused a decline in native pollinator habitats, which in turn hurts the beekeeping industry—resulting in $2-2.8 million in annual losses in the Dakotas since 2007.
- Altered Water Cycles: Native prairies act as natural sponges, holding water and reducing flooding. Their loss leads to increased water runoff, soil erosion, and decreased water quality.
- Reduced Biodiversity: The removal of native grasses reduces the habitat for many species, leading to a loss of biodiversity.
Current Status and Factors:
- Native Habitat Remaining: While some estimates suggest about 50% of original native grasslands remain, other reports indicate that in eastern South Dakota, nearly 73% of the land has been manipulated from its native state.
- Primary Drivers: The primary drivers of this loss are the conversion of grassland to cropland (specifically for soy and corn), driven partly by high commodity prices and federal farm policy.
- Invasive Species: Non-native species like smooth brome and Kentucky bluegrass are invading remaining prairie, further reducing biodiversity.
As the wealthy and corporations drive farmers and ranchers from the prairie wildland fire danger in January becomes ordinary.
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