Another study warns that aspen is at risk to grazing

The Mountain West and Black Hills have been home to much larger aspen communities in the fairly recent past. Because it reproduces clonally underground from adult trees aspen (Populus tremuloides) is one of the first plants to reestablish after fire. The timber industry doesn’t like prescribed fire because burns release aspen and kill pine species. Ponderosa pine sucks billions of gallons from aquifer recharges, needles absorb heat and accelerate snow melt while aspen leaves reflect sunlight in the summer months and hold snowpacks in winter. Insects like the mountain pine beetle and spruce bud worm can help promote drought- and fire-tolerant species like aspen. 

A study released in October by Northern Arizona University's Ecological Restoration Institute revealed that animal grazing and wildfire management have contributed to the decline of aspen trees in the area.

Although aspens can produce seeds, the most successful method of reproduction occurs when new sprouts, known as “suckers,” grow out of the root system of an existing tree. The suckers are growing back after disturbances, but cannot reach maturity due to elk grazing and lack of resources from prolonged drought and rising temperatures. [Drought, higher temperatures, hungry elk threaten aspen trees near Flagstaff]

Yep, kill off apex predators like grizzlies, wolves and cougars, spray atrazine, neonicotinoids and glyphosate on everything then wonder why cervids like deer and wapiti contract a prion contagion like chronic wasting disease. 

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